A uterine fibroid is the most common benign (non cancerous) tumor of a woman's uterus. Fibroids are tumors of the smooth muscle that is normally found in the wall of the uterus. They can develop within the uterine wall itself or attach to it. They may grow as a single tumor or in clusters. Uterine fibroids can cause excessive menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and frequent urination; so even though they are termed "benign" fibroids potentially can cause many health problems. These growths occur in up to 50% of all women and are one leading cause of hysterectomy. Fibroids start in the muscle tissues of the uterus. They can grow into the uterine cavity (submucosal), into the thickness of the uterine wall (intramuscular), or on the surface of the uterus (subsersoal) into the abdominal cavity. Some may occur as pedunculated masses (fibroids growing on a stalk off of the uterus). Although these tumors are called fibroids, this term can be misleading because they consist of muscle tissue, not fibrous tissue.
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